Monday, April 19, 2010
Treatments of Borderline Personality Disorder by Matt
This disorder has to be treated for a long time since the symptoms have been around for years and have interfered with several aspects of the patient’s life. Insight oriented therapy can be a useful treatment but current research is showing increased support for an approach that is cognitive-behavioral. The thoughts and actions of the individual have to be monitored by the patient and therapist and then counted. The main idea behind this is to plan a way to reduce the negative thoughts and behaviors that are seen as negative slowly over time. It’s thought that a combined approach with both these treatments may work out for the best, but no matter which way that the patient goes for treatment is still requires a great deal of time and effort.
Prognosis of Borderline Personality Disorder by Clinton
While prognosis for this disorder is difficult to assess, slow improvements with work can been seen despite the chronic nature of the condition. Even though it is hard for anyone to change major parts of their personality the symptoms of the disorder can still be reduced in number and intensity, but long term treatment is normally required.
Specifiers of Borderline Personality Disorder by: Clinton
There are no specifiers that were identified for Borderline Personality Disorder.
Symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder by Matt
The major symptoms of this disorder often revolve around :
· Unstable relationships,
· Poor or negative sense of self,
· Inconsistent moods
· Significant impulsivity.
Other symptoms include:
· An intense fear of abandonment with this disorder that interferes with many aspects if the individual's life.
· Many times they are clingy to others, are very needy, feel helpless, and become overly involved and immediately attached to people.
· They will often push others out of their life as if trying to avoid getting rejected when the fear of abandonment becomes overwhelming.
· The individual will attempt everything that they can to bring people back into their life and they then become clingy, needy and helpless again thus continuing the cycle they’ve started.
· When people leave a person who shows these behaviors it proves that their distorted belief of being insignificant, worthless, and unloved is true.
· After this point the person might show signs of self-harming behaviors such as cutting, self-mutilation, talking about suicide, and attempting suicide.
· Sudden and intense anger directed at both the self and others is also a large symptom of the disorder and a difficulty to control these destructive behaviors.
· Unstable relationships,
· Poor or negative sense of self,
· Inconsistent moods
· Significant impulsivity.
Other symptoms include:
· An intense fear of abandonment with this disorder that interferes with many aspects if the individual's life.
· Many times they are clingy to others, are very needy, feel helpless, and become overly involved and immediately attached to people.
· They will often push others out of their life as if trying to avoid getting rejected when the fear of abandonment becomes overwhelming.
· The individual will attempt everything that they can to bring people back into their life and they then become clingy, needy and helpless again thus continuing the cycle they’ve started.
· When people leave a person who shows these behaviors it proves that their distorted belief of being insignificant, worthless, and unloved is true.
· After this point the person might show signs of self-harming behaviors such as cutting, self-mutilation, talking about suicide, and attempting suicide.
· Sudden and intense anger directed at both the self and others is also a large symptom of the disorder and a difficulty to control these destructive behaviors.
Stats of Borderline Personality Disorder by Matt
Here are some statistics and facts for Borderline Personality Disorder:
- Borderline personality disorder is also known as emotional regulation disorder (ERD).
- ERD is a debilitating biological disorder.
- 2% of adults have this disorder.
- 20% present in psychiatric hospitals.
- 11% in outpatient clinics.
- 69% to 75% exhibit self-destructive behaviors such as self-mutilation, chemical dependency, eating disorders and suicide attempts.
- 8 - 10% die by suicide usually due to lack of impulse control over depression.
- Successful suicide rate doubles with a history of self-destructive behaviors and suicide attempts.
- 50% experience Clinical Depression
- Approximately 25% of those with ERD also meet the criteria for post traumatic stress disorder.
- Of Dual Diagnosed People, 50-67% have ERD.
- Between 40% and 71% of ERD patients report having been sexually abused, usually by a non-caregiver.
- Diagnosed more often in females - approximately 75%.
- Studies show inadequate regulation of serotonin, dopamine, and other neurotransmitters in those with ERD.
- Discontinuation of medications are high at 50%.
- 22-35% of domestic violent perpetrators meet the criteria for ERD.
- The pattern of behavior seen in Borderline Personality Disorder has been identified in many settings around the world.
- Adolescents and young adults with identity problems (especially when accompanied by substance abuse) may transiently display behaviors that misleadingly give the impression of Borderline Personality Disorder.
History of Borderline Personality Disorder by Will
At first Borderline Personality Disorder was thought to border on or overlap with schizophrenia, other types of psychoses, and neurotic conditions like anxiety and depression. Because of this frequent overlapping with other diagnoses it was thought to lack the precision and validity for diagnosis which was only useful for patients who did not fall into any other category. This disorder did not respond well to treatments and to this day, mental health professionals who seem to be unfamiliar with current scientific literature still think this to be true.
These days though, the disorder has been shown to have diagnostic validity. Many studies that have taken place indicate that the disorder does not overlap with schizophrenia and in fact appears to be a distinctive diagnostic entity.
The first description of the symptoms of the disorder were first mentioned in medical literature almost 3000 years ago. It wasn’t until 1938 when an American Psychoanalyst named Adolph Stern first described the symptoms that are now considered as diagnostic criteria of the borderline disorder. He also suggested some of the possible causes of the disorder and even described what he thought would be the most effective form of psychotherapy for the patients. He also was the one to name the disorder referring to patients with the symptoms as people who were on “the border line group”.
The next contribution occurred during the 1960s by a psychoanalyst named Otto Kernberg. During this time he thought that mental disorders were determined by three distinct personality types: the psychotic, the neurotic, and the so called “borderline personality.”
Next in 1968, Roy Grinker along with his colleagues published results of the first research that had been conducted on the patients with borderline disorder. At the time this was referred to by Roy as “borderline syndrome.”
More advancements in the field came about in 1975 when Margaret Singer and John Gunderson published a widely acclaimed article that brought together the relevant, published information on the borderline disorder and defined the major characteristics of the condition. After that, Gunderson then published a specific research instrument that was meant to enhance the accurate diagnosis of the borderline disorder. This enabled researchers around the globe to verify the integrity of the disorder. This eventually led to borderline personality disorder first appearing in the DSM-III as an actual psychiatric diagnosis in 1980.
Before it appeared in the DSM-III John Brinkley, Bernard Beitman, and Robert Friedel proposed in 1979 that medications like low doses of neuroleptics are effective in reducing the symptoms of the borderline disorder. Friedel’s research team later published support for the proposal in 1986 in a placebo-controlled study of any medication in subjects with the disorder. Similar findings were reported in a journal written by Paul Soloff and his research team. Since that time eight other studies of similar aspects have supported the original finding. More so, other medication classes have been found to have been efficient in treating the symptoms of the borderline disorder. A few of these studies have been replicated but they have not been done so as extensively as the first ones involving neuropleptics and antipsychotic agents.
In the 1980s neuroimaging was brought around and biochemical and genetic studies began to be published. These things indicated that borderline disorder is associated with biological disturbances in the functioning of the brain and that some of these might be genetically inherited.
During the early 1990s Marsha Linehan introduced Dialectical Behavior Therapy which was a specific well documented form of psychotherapy that was designed for patients with borderline disorder who were prone to self injuring behavior and required and requested frequent, brief hospitalizations. Since this time other forms of psychotherapy have been developed that have been designed for the borderline disorder.
Since then two different advocacy groups have been founded, the Treatment and Research Advancements Association for Personality Disorder (TARA APD), and the National Education Alliance for Borderline Personality Disorder (NEA-BPD). These two organizations were founded in order to increase the awareness of borderline disorder and for its treatments, to offer support to those who suffer from it and to their families and friends should they need it, to enhance the federal and privately funded research dedicated to the disorder, and to decrease the stigma that is associated with the disorder.
What may come in the future of this disorder is still up in the air. One can hope that with continuing research and more in depth studies that perhaps one day better, faster, and more efficient ways to treat borderline disorder may come about. Only time can tell, but from where it has started it seems as if people are at least on the right path to helping people who suffer from the disorder.
Further information to the history of the condition and links to other information can be found here: History
These days though, the disorder has been shown to have diagnostic validity. Many studies that have taken place indicate that the disorder does not overlap with schizophrenia and in fact appears to be a distinctive diagnostic entity.
The first description of the symptoms of the disorder were first mentioned in medical literature almost 3000 years ago. It wasn’t until 1938 when an American Psychoanalyst named Adolph Stern first described the symptoms that are now considered as diagnostic criteria of the borderline disorder. He also suggested some of the possible causes of the disorder and even described what he thought would be the most effective form of psychotherapy for the patients. He also was the one to name the disorder referring to patients with the symptoms as people who were on “the border line group”.
The next contribution occurred during the 1960s by a psychoanalyst named Otto Kernberg. During this time he thought that mental disorders were determined by three distinct personality types: the psychotic, the neurotic, and the so called “borderline personality.”
Next in 1968, Roy Grinker along with his colleagues published results of the first research that had been conducted on the patients with borderline disorder. At the time this was referred to by Roy as “borderline syndrome.”
More advancements in the field came about in 1975 when Margaret Singer and John Gunderson published a widely acclaimed article that brought together the relevant, published information on the borderline disorder and defined the major characteristics of the condition. After that, Gunderson then published a specific research instrument that was meant to enhance the accurate diagnosis of the borderline disorder. This enabled researchers around the globe to verify the integrity of the disorder. This eventually led to borderline personality disorder first appearing in the DSM-III as an actual psychiatric diagnosis in 1980.
Before it appeared in the DSM-III John Brinkley, Bernard Beitman, and Robert Friedel proposed in 1979 that medications like low doses of neuroleptics are effective in reducing the symptoms of the borderline disorder. Friedel’s research team later published support for the proposal in 1986 in a placebo-controlled study of any medication in subjects with the disorder. Similar findings were reported in a journal written by Paul Soloff and his research team. Since that time eight other studies of similar aspects have supported the original finding. More so, other medication classes have been found to have been efficient in treating the symptoms of the borderline disorder. A few of these studies have been replicated but they have not been done so as extensively as the first ones involving neuropleptics and antipsychotic agents.
In the 1980s neuroimaging was brought around and biochemical and genetic studies began to be published. These things indicated that borderline disorder is associated with biological disturbances in the functioning of the brain and that some of these might be genetically inherited.
During the early 1990s Marsha Linehan introduced Dialectical Behavior Therapy which was a specific well documented form of psychotherapy that was designed for patients with borderline disorder who were prone to self injuring behavior and required and requested frequent, brief hospitalizations. Since this time other forms of psychotherapy have been developed that have been designed for the borderline disorder.
Since then two different advocacy groups have been founded, the Treatment and Research Advancements Association for Personality Disorder (TARA APD), and the National Education Alliance for Borderline Personality Disorder (NEA-BPD). These two organizations were founded in order to increase the awareness of borderline disorder and for its treatments, to offer support to those who suffer from it and to their families and friends should they need it, to enhance the federal and privately funded research dedicated to the disorder, and to decrease the stigma that is associated with the disorder.
What may come in the future of this disorder is still up in the air. One can hope that with continuing research and more in depth studies that perhaps one day better, faster, and more efficient ways to treat borderline disorder may come about. Only time can tell, but from where it has started it seems as if people are at least on the right path to helping people who suffer from the disorder.
Further information to the history of the condition and links to other information can be found here: History
News Media Reactions
Here's a list of various links that have to do with Borderline Personality Disorders from the news and such.
1. Judgement of Psychological Disorder
2. Borderline Personality Disorder Recovery
3. Common Tool May Misdiagnose BPD as a Biploar Disorder
4. Lies and Statistics
5. Youth More Understanding or Disorders in Sentencing
6. Build Your Self Before You Argue with it
7. Defense Alleged Pelosi Harasser a Kind Soul
8. Scientists Explore Ways To Alter Memories
9. Legal Inc
10. The Good News and Bad News About BPD Treatment
11. Roof Jump Woman Wins Appeal
12. Mother who tried to kill child appeals verdict; claims double jeopardy
13. Will the Sault ever be safe from Paul Whalen?
14. Narcissism Expert, Dies at 84
15. Personality Disorder Difficult
1. Judgement of Psychological Disorder
2. Borderline Personality Disorder Recovery
3. Common Tool May Misdiagnose BPD as a Biploar Disorder
4. Lies and Statistics
5. Youth More Understanding or Disorders in Sentencing
6. Build Your Self Before You Argue with it
7. Defense Alleged Pelosi Harasser a Kind Soul
8. Scientists Explore Ways To Alter Memories
9. Legal Inc
10. The Good News and Bad News About BPD Treatment
11. Roof Jump Woman Wins Appeal
12. Mother who tried to kill child appeals verdict; claims double jeopardy
13. Will the Sault ever be safe from Paul Whalen?
14. Narcissism Expert, Dies at 84
15. Personality Disorder Difficult
Just starting out here
Well this is my first blogging entry. For starters it will be used as a psych class project but maybe as I go along after this things will get better and I'll learn more on how to do this.
Wish me and my group luck for the upcoming project, Good Lord are we gonna need it.
Wish me and my group luck for the upcoming project, Good Lord are we gonna need it.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)